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The name diamond is derived from the ancient Greek αδάμας (adámas), "proper", "unalterable", "unbreakable", "untamed", from ἀ- (a-), "un-" + δαμάω (damáō), "I overpower", "I tame".[3] Diamonds are thought to have been first recognized and mined in India, where significant alluvial deposits of the stone could be found many centuries ago along the rivers Penner, Krishna and Godavari. Diamonds have been known in India for at least 3,000 years but most likely 6,000 years
58 Facets & 58 Interesting Facts about Diamond
1. Diamond derives its name from the Greek word “Adamas” meaning the Unconquerable.
2. The Diamond is the hardest substance available on the surface of the earth that was ever produced by mother earth.
3. Most Diamonds are over 900 million years old.
4. At a depth of 200 kilometers, at an temperature of 1700 degrees- 2500 degrees Celsius , At a pressure of 75,000 Kilograms per square centimeter - that miniscule carbon crystalises “Diamonds” are Born.
5. If we put together all the Diamonds ever polished since the beginning of the time, they would fill only one Double Decker bus.
6. The Diamonds shows its best luster when it is cut in round brilliant shape.
7. Round brilliant cut Diamonds have 58 facets.
8. A single Diamond of two carats costs more than two times the cost of 2 one carat Diamonds.
9. Diamonds were first mined in India over 2,800 years ago.
10. Till 19th Century India is the only supplier of rough Diamonds to the world.
11. On an average, each Diamond will lose 50% of its original weight during the cutting and polishing.
12. A Diamond is four times harder than the next hardest mineral corundum (Ruby, Sapphire, etc).
13. A Diamond is alone can scratch or cut another Diamond; this was discovered by the Indian craftsmen.
14. 80% of the world’s Diamond production is not suitable for jewellery.
15. “The Four C”s concept that determines the value of Diamond was introduced in the year 1939.
16. The largest cut and polished Diamond weighs 545.67 carats and is named Golden jubilee Diamond and is owned by the Thai royal family.
17. “Diamonds are forever” – James Bond film was produced by De-Beers to popularize the concept & slogan in 1947.
18. More than 250 tons of earth has to be excavated to get a yield of one carat of Diamond
19. A white Diamond will not allow electricity to pass through it.
20. At 3500 degrees Celsius, a Diamond will sublime from its solid state to vapour.
21. Diamonds are not affected by an acid or alkaline material
22. Since the ‘carob’ seeds were first used to weigh Diamonds , the word carat was derived to denote weight of Diamonds
23. The Diamonds that had blue tinge which were originally mined from the Jager fontain in South Africa were called as blue jagers.
24. The hardness of Diamond is 10 which denote the surface resistance to scratching.
25. Diamond is good conducter of heat.
26. The chemical composition of a Diamond is pure carbon with perfect atomic structure.
27. Gem quality Diamond is colourless.
28. Diamond can be cut in brilliant, marquise, baguette, pears, tapers, etc.
29. Diamonds occur in black colour also.
30. Rarely Diamonds occur in pink to red and blue colours
31. Diamonds with yellow tinge are considered to be of poor quality.
32. A black Diamond will allow electricity to pass through it.
33. The Diamonds were formed very long before the dinosaurs roamed on earth.
34. Diamonds gets attracted to grease and oil.
35. One carat weighs is equal to 200 milligrams
36. Old cut Diamonds can be recut to latest cuttings
37. When you recut a Diamond with old cutting to latest cut, you will lose up to 30% weight.
38. ‘Piques’ in the Diamond means impurity in the stone.
39. Table facet is the top facet or the face of a Diamond.
40. Table facet is the main polished surface of a Diamond.
41. The luster of a Diamond is called adamantine luster.
42. The Diamond reflects more than 85% of light it receives
43. The colour grading of a Diamond starts from ‘D” meaning Diamond and proceeds further even up to “R”
44. Even today Panna Mines produce gem quality Diamonds in India.
45. Industrial Diamond cannot be used for making jewellery.
46. Diamonds generate 80% of money compared to total sale of all types of gemstones.
47. The biggest rough Diamond ever found is Cullinan Diamond, the rough weighed about 3106 carats i.e, 621 grams.
48. The Kimberly Diamonds are named after a location in South Africa which is named after Lord Kimberly, a minister of that place.
49. Cecil Rhodes and Barnato were the founders of De-Beers mining company.
50. Lodewijk Van Bercke – Belgian, has developed the cutting and polishing in 15th century.
51. The colour of the diamond also determines the price.
52. The Blue Jager mines are now extinct and there is no new production any more.
53. VVS quality does not mean very very superior quality. It means, Diamond with very, very small inclusions.
54. The Industrial Diamonds are called as Boart, its powder used in the polishing the diamonds.
55. 5-carat diamond will weigh one gram
56. Gem quality means top quality in all aspects.
57. The Diamond has an average specific gravity of 3.52
58. The Koh-I-Noor Diamond was found in India and weighed 186 carats and its estimate value in the year 1877 was 7 lakh US Dollars.
1. Symmetry of the sides of the table edges
The table facet has to be parallel to the girdle plane so that the
crown height is equal in all directions. Many a time the table is tilted
to remove some inclusion near the surface of the table. The octagonal
shape of the table should have its centre exactly above the culet,
otherwise it is called eccentric. An eccentric table creates different
sizes of crown facets which affects the brilliance of the diamond.
The fine point or the smallest facet at the base of the brilliant cut
is the culet. Sometimes the culet is faceted. This culet should lie in
the centre of the octagonal table. It is very easy to see whether the
culet is eccentric from a side view of the stone as well as on looking
through the table. If the culet is eccentric then it indicates that the
pavilion facet angles are unequal. This gives a very adverse effect on
the reflection of light symmetry.
In a perfect cut the edges of individual facets must meet in a single
intersection without any truncated ends. Truncated facets do not meet
at a point and affect the uniformity of the cut. Thus a truncated main
facet when observed through the table interrupts the symmetrical effect
of the adjoining facets.
The kite facets of the crown should exactly intersect with the
pointed edge of the pavilion main facet and the upper girdle facet
should synchronise with t\\t \owcv girdYe facets. There should be a
perfect alignment and no sideways displacement with respect to each
other. As this clearly affects the regularity of the cut and gives rise
to uneven girdle as well as reduced brilliance.
