Chennai Institute of Diamond and Gemstone
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The institute offers the below courses , Students who are interested to learn please contact the above adress, our counsellor will be reciprocating you back . Here we are discussing about peridot gem stone Peridot |
The Olive Green Beauty
This lovely Peridot is one of the very few gemstones that appear in only one colour-olive green.The intensity and tint of the green, however, depends on how much iron is contained in the crystal structure, so the colour of individual peridot gems can vary from yellow-to olive-to brownish green.The most valued colour is a dark olive-green.
Peridot (pronounced pair-a-doe) is the gem variety of olivine.It crystallises deep inside the earth and is basically magnesium iron silicate.Olivine is composed of two minerals fayalite and forsterite.Fayalite is the iron rich member with a pure formula of Fe2SiO4.Forsterite is the magnesium rich member with a pure formula Mg2SiO4.Olivine’s formula is written as (Mg,Fe)2SiO$ to show the substitution of the magnesium and iron is the colouring agent for Peridot.The best coloured peridot has an iron percentage of less than 15% and includes nickel and chromium as trace elements that may also contribute to the best peridot colour.
Journey through History and Geography
Few know that peridot is a very old gemstone and one which has become very popular again today.It is so ancient that it be found in Egyptian Jewellery from the early 2nd millennium B.C.The stone used at the time came from a deposit on a small volcanic Island in the Red sea,some 45miles off the Egyptian coastal Aswan, which was not rediscovered until about 1900 and has, meanwhile, been exhausted foe quite some time.
The ancient Romans too were fond of this gemstone and esteemed its radiant green shine, which does not change even in artificial light.For that reason they nicknamed it the emerald in medieval. Peridot is also found in Europe in medieval churches where it adorns many cologne cathedral. During the Baroque period,the rich green gemstone once again enjoyed a brief heyday and then it somehow faded into oblivion.
Interestingly the Peridot is also a thoroughly modern gemstone, for it was not until a few demand for Peridots can, for the present easily be satisfied.
In the order to emphasis the special quality of the Peridots from Pakistan, these stones are offered as Kashmir Peridot’, following the famous Kashmir sapphires.Creative gemstone cutters have succeeded in cutting some fascinatingly beautiful one-off stones of more than 100 carats from some of the large, fine, clear crystal with their magnificent rich green!
PAKISTAN PERIDOT STONE 
Although the most beautiful stones come from the border area between Pakistan and Afghanistan, the Peridot as a gemstone also exist in Myanmar, China, the USA, Africa and Australia.Stones from Myanmar have a Vivid Light green Colour and fine inclusions with silky sheen to them.Peridot from American Jewellery often has somewhat yellowish or gold brown nuances.
Different Names…but All Precious
This gemstone has no fewer than three names: ‘Peridot’, ‘Crysolite’, from the Greek ‘gold stone’ and ‘Olivine’ for the peridot is the gemstone from of the mineral olivine.In the gemstone trade it is called Peridot, derived from the Greek word Peridona which means something like to give richness.
Peridot is not particularly hard-only 6.5 to 7 on the mohs scale-but it is easy to look after and fairy robust.Peridot cat’s eyes and star Peridot are particularly rare and precious.
Idiochromatic colour
Interestingly since the colour in Peridot is due to iron which is also part of the chemical composition, the Peridot is classified as idiochromatic gem. Idiochromatic gems are always colourful unlike the allochromatic which are coloured by chemical elements that are trapped as impurities .Allochromatic gems can occur as colourless when absolutely pure!
The Many Powers of Peridot
This gemstone is said to promote love, friendliness and warmth in relationships and so is an ideal stone to give as a gift for the friend and loved one.Peridot is also the official gemstone of the wedding anniversary! They often have a creative streak and are very energetic! No wonder the lion is their sign, as they are born leaders and full of courage!
Many believe that it brings the wearer good luck, peace, and success.Its powers include health, protection, and sleep.The love and calm anger while also soothing nerves and dispelling negative emotions.
Peridot is the official birthstone for the month of August as adopted by the American National Association of Jewellers in 1912.It is also the Zodiac sign of Libra.
The largest cut Peridot is 310 carat (62g) specimen in the Smithsonian Museum in Washington, D.C.
Geological Background
Many of you may have heard of olivine which is a common mineral in mafic and ultramafic rocks,and Peridot is a type of olivine.This mineral is precious when it is transparent and has deep green colour.
Its refractive index is 1.654-1.690 with a birefringence of 0.036.Peridot crystallizes in the orthorhombic system with prismatic habit and is a biaxal positive stone.
Sinhalite is another gemstone which is similar in appearance to peridot and has similar readings is a biaxal negative.Peridot shows unique discoidal inclusions called “lillypad”.
Peridot From Outer Space
Peridot can be also found in meteorites.Peridot crystals have been collected from some Pallasite meteorites.
PERIDOT STONE
Pallasite is the unique combination of an iron-nickel alloy with olivine,a meteorite dotted with interplanetary Peridot dated at 4.5 billion years old.The German Geologist Peter Simon Pallas (1741-1811) wrote the first description of this material in 1776 using a piece found in Siberia.Goelogist explain meteorites as chunks af original solar system material that once orbited the sun in an attempt to form another planet between Mars and Jupiter.Due to the enormous gravitational field around Jupiter, and they remained in orbit as asteroids.
It is thought that Pallasite sustained melt downs in outer space while still in the asteroid stage, and this effect caused the iron nickel cores to fuse with the olivine mantles.One possible theory for the meltdown is the intense heat produced by the quick-decaying radioactive isotopes in the original material.The resulting high temperatures pushed the metal in the core out towards the mantle and then mixed it with the olivine from the mantle at the interface between the mantle and the core.
One can see the Peridot is a very beautiful gemstone in its own right and is widely popular.Its popularity is said to be increasing yearly and with new finds in Pakistan producing exceptionally well crystallized specimens, Peridot can be fun to collect for years to come.
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